| E. Collateral Attack on Voluntary Placements |
| 25 U.S.C. § 1913(d) |
After
the
entry of a final decree of adoption of an Indian child, the parent may
withdraw
consent on the grounds that consent was obtained through fraud or
duress. If the
court so finds, it shall vacate the
decree and return the child to the parent.
|
| 25 U.S.C. § 1913(d) |
An
adoption
that has been effective for at least two years, however, may not be
invalidated
unless otherwise permitted by state law.
|